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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Skewed X-inactivation ： ウィキペディア英語版 Skewed X-inactivation Skewed X chromosome inactivation occurs when the inactivation of one X chromosome is favored over the other, leading to an uneven number of cells with each chromosome inactivated. It is usually defined as one allele being found on the active X chromosome in over 75% of cells, and extreme skewing is when over 90% of cells have inactivated the same X chromosome.〔Minks, J., Robinson, W. P., and Brown, C. J. "A skewed view of X chromosome inactivation." The Journal of Clinical Investigation 118.1 (2008): 20-22. Web.〕〔Wang, X., Soloway, P. D., and Clark, A. G. "Paternally biased X inactivation in mouse neonatal brain." Genome Biology 11 (2010): 1-15. Web.〕 It can be caused by primary nonrandom inactivation, either by chance due to a small cell pool or directed by genes, or caused by secondary nonrandom inactivation, which occurs by selection. Most females will have some levels of skewing. It is relatively common in adult females; around 35% of women have skewed ratio over 70:30, and 7% of women have an extreme skewed ratio of over 90:10.〔Yi Wong, C. C., Caspi, A., Williams, B., Houts, R., Craig, I. W., and Mill, J. "A longitudinal twin study of skewed X chromosome inactivation." PLoS ONE 6.3 (2011): 1-4. Web.〕 This is of medical significance due to the potential for the expression of disease genes present on the X chromosome that are normally not expressed due to random X inactivation. X chromosome inactivation occurs in females to provide dosage compensation between the sexes. If females kept both X chromosomes active they would have twice the number of active X genes than males, who only have one copy of the X chromosome. At approximately the time of implantation (see Implantation (human embryo), one of the two X chromosomes is randomly selected for inactivation. The cell undergoes transcriptional and epigenetic changes to ensure this inactivation is permanent. All progeny from these initial cells will maintain the inactivation of the same chromosome, resulting in a mosaic pattern of cells in females.〔 ==Causes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Skewed X-inactivation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.